Saturday, December 28, 2019

Gattaca and Sociology - 2286 Words

SOC 101/110 Gattaca â€Å"Gattaca† is a movie about a man named Vincent who is born into a â€Å"new† society that uses genetics as the make-up for what social class you are given and will remain in, no matter what you do. Vincent is a â€Å"godchild†. He is born the â€Å"natural way†, without any genetic altering and his future is set for him as soon as he is conceived. His place in society is at the bottom of the social class and with all his â€Å"birth defects†, he seems to be placed even lower. He has poor eyesight and heart problems among many other things and is only given a life expectancy of around thirty years of age. He is denied the basics of life such as medical care and education. When his brother, Aton, is born through genetic†¦show more content†¦This is what Vincent does. He finds a man named Jerome who has been injured in an accident and is now paralyzed. He takes over Jerome’s life. By using hair, skin, blood, urine and other DNA, V incent becomes Jerome and secures a job at Gattaca. His desire to go into space can now be a reality but only if he can keep up the facade. Micro socialization is more of the relationship that Jerome and Vincent have. At first, Jerome treats Vincent with a mere indifference. He does not take his new â€Å"job† seriously and his constantly drinking or doing drugs in order to take his own pain away at having lost out of his own life. After a while, Jerome and Vincent become brotherly types who take care of each other. In the final parts of the movie, Jerome shows Vincent that he has stored enough DNA for â€Å"two lifetimes† and that when Vincent returns from space it will all be waiting for him. Jerome then commits suicide by burning himself in the furnace to avoid any traces of â€Å"Jerome’s † DNA being found while Jerome is gone in outer space. The social structure within Gattaca is simple. You are either a Valid or an Invalid. There is no in between. Invalids do no associate with Valids and so on. If you are a Valid, you have power, prestige and property. You can obtain a good job, secure a future with a perfect mate, have perfect children and do all the â€Å"right† things. If you are an Invalid you are destined to poverty and no power along withShow MoreRelatedSociology: Gattaca Movie Paper1638 Words   |  7 PagesRuben Arrieta Professor McGinnis Sociology 101 11 November 2010 Gattaca Gattaca is a movie that contains a very interesting society. As in all societies, discrimination exists and it is primarily between two groups. The valids, as they are called here, are the dominant group who oppress the group known as the invalids, which is the group consisting of the less privileged individuals. However, in this society, privileged and less privileged does not refer to the individuals in terms of wealthRead MoreWhats Eating Gilbert Grape- Review and Critique2227 Words   |  9 PagesThe representation of disability in Gattaca. Australian Screen Education, 31, 111-114. Harnett, A. (2000). Escaping evil avenger and the supercrip; Images of disability in popular television. Irish Communications Review, 8, 21-29. Hayes Black (2003). Troubling Signs: Disability, Hollywood Movies and the Construction of a Discourse of Pity Livingston, K. (2004). Viewing Popular Films about Mental Illness through a Sociological Lens. Teaching Sociology, 32(1), 119-128. Malony, S. (2002).

Friday, December 20, 2019

Risk Management Trends and Developments - 1030 Words

Risk Management Trends and Developments FIN/415 May 6, 2013 Risk Management Trends and Developments As time evolves organizations must continue to grow and evolve. The demographics and territories of organizations change as time evolves. As a result the risk management trends and developments become extremely important to the long-term success and survivability of organizations. Risk management trends exist at the corporate, business, and project levels of organizations. At each level of the risk management process stakeholders are identified and encouraged to actively participate in the process (Merna AL-Thani, 2008). This has a positive effect on any future challenges that may arise and helps insure that the risk mitigation†¦show more content†¦Negotiations were found to have different meanings in different cultures, the styles were culture dependent. Different cultures may perceive the definition of negotiation differently so it is important to risk managers to understand the different cultures and how they perceive the term negotiation in business. Understanding cultu ral differences will help businesses become successful when operating internationally. On the other hand if risk managers are not aware of the cultural differences it may lead to misunderstandings and could have negative effects on the business. The U.S. government sets business regulations to hold organizations accountable for the amount of power they have; they also protect employees and the environment. Businesses are expected to abide by governmental regulations and should do so to stay out of trouble. Business regulations are different for different industries. It is important for organizations to be aware of the business regulations affecting their industry. Government regulations should always be considered when running a business. There are regulations for state, local, and federal taxes as well as financial reporting requirements presented by the Securities and Exchange Commission. Business regulations for international organizations include an additional range of rules reg ulating international trade. Importers must deal with regulations relating to import quotas,Show MoreRelatedRisk Management Trends and Developments Paper1035 Words   |  5 Pagesthe simulation analysis, other attributes such as safety, product design, and styling, fun, product uniqueness, and engine capacity are not fundamental parameters, and not make them very useful in developing a positioning strategy. Cruiser Thorr management want to create a marketing plan that reflect positioning strategy, and the differentiation. The Marketing strategy that I chose is to reposition Cruiser Thorr, and the positioning strategy is Augment Lifestyles, and increase price, also I choseRead MoreThe Importance Of Risk Management Function Within Businesses1044 Words   |  5 PagesState-of-the-Art-Review Risk Management is the process of recognising, measuring, and handling the risks that an organisation faces. As the outcomes of business activities are uncertain, there are some forms of risk taking place, for example: strategic failures, operational failures, financial failures, market disturbances, environmental disasters, and regulatory violations. (Lexicon.ft.com, 2015). Trends Many institutions have evolved into more complex and sophisticated when it comes to risk management functionsRead MoreMicrosoft Is The Nasdaq Market1399 Words   |  6 Pagesand key analysis from vertical and horizontal analysis. Background The main products featured from Microsoft include computer devices, phones, Xbox, operating system, hardware devices, business solution applications, Office programs, software development tools, and much more. The flag ship product out for Microsoft is the Surface and Surface Pro. Also, recently released the Surface Book. These products are key for the net income profit at the end of the year. As Microsoft continues to expand theRead MoreThe Link between Management and the System1045 Words   |  5 Pagesavailable resources. In the article of Thomas M. Hout, he presented two interesting ideas that will make the readers contemplate whether or not the success or failure of a corporation depends solely on the management or to the different factors beyond the control of the management. The Management There are people who are trained to be high-quality managers. There are a number of courses available in different universities that will teach the students to become the best managers in the world andRead MoreDomestic and International Sources of Financing Essay1175 Words   |  5 Pagesbusiness enterprise. Denim Trends will enlist financial professionals that understand global business and Denim Trends operations. Hiring financial professionals with a good understanding and knowledge of domestic and international financing will assist Denim Trends in dealing with organizational risk. Denim Trends will design a presentation and convene with potential investors to demonstrate how Denim Trends can improve Puerto Rico’s economy. It is imperative that Denim Trends develop a proposal thatRead MoreCurrent Trends in Education1626 Words   |  7 PagesRunning head: CURRENT TRENDS IN EDUCATION Current Trends in Education Current Trends in Education The trends in human resource management and its implications for education are altering. Several trends are innovative and are a result of the economy, while others are escalating as a result of new regulations, new types of degrees and education, and the type of people employed. The purpose of this paper is to inform the reader of several of these current trends. The trends that seems the mostRead MoreThe Case Of The Exclusive Pink Color Essay1349 Words   |  6 PagesRisks and Impact Risks can vary depending on the specific item that is launched. In the case of the exclusive pink color introduction of the toy medical kit, the risks associated with this launch will be somewhat minimized, given the success of the existing green medical kit available to all retailers. While the risk is minimized with the existing history of the item, the color itself has the potential to limit the demographics. The medical kit is rated for an age range of three to six yearsRead MoreThe Delivery Of Health Services1120 Words   |  5 PagesThe St. Mark’s Hospital Risk Management Plan assists in achieving this goal by continually identifying and reducing risk exposures to all members of our hospital community in accordance with applicable federal and state statutes and regulations, as well as the standards set forth by the Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations. Purpose The purpose of the St. Mark s Hospital Risk Management Plan is to outline the operational functions of the Risk Management Program inthrough assistingRead MoreDisaster And Emergency Management894 Words   |  4 Pagessocioeconomic and demographic factors that can affect a population’s ability to mitigate risk. Vulnerability can be represented in a specific physical or geographic location, or those within a certain socioeconomic status, or demographic. The discussion of social vulnerability frequents the field of Disaster and Emergency Management, as it is an important factor in the planning and execution of mitigating possible risks that varying populations may face. Emergency managers in The United States of AmericaRead MoreProject Management Of Software Engineering1721 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction Project management is a tool that the organization can use to eliminate waste, increase capacity, or increase positioning in the market place. Project Management is a broad topic. The methodology has been around for many years. During the last twenty years, the Agile methodology was introduced to project management. In the last ten years, maturity of the merged agile methodology and project management occurred. In this paper, we will explore the project management of software engineering

Thursday, December 12, 2019

Decision Making is an Essential Process in any Organization Sample

Questions: 1.Do you think the term used by Barnard "Common Moral purpose" (pg. 103) is a good way to Describe what happens in work Organizations? Why or Why not? 2.Rational-Bureaucratic Organizations are Supposed to Develop the best means to achieve their goals. Based on your reading of Chapter 5 what would you say are some of the Obstacles to making the "best" Decisions about ways to reach a Goal or Solve a Problem? Answers: 1.Barnard had described the work organizations and the ways of working in those organizations as the common moral purpose. The description is appropriately used by the author, since organizations might be sited as cooperative systems that are integrated contribution of each of the individuals (Barnard and Thompson 2003). Organizations are also described as co-operations among the people with a common purpose. This is justified since in a work organization, each of the members are aligned together to achieve a common goal. The goal set is common and deliberate, in order to achieve a particular target. All the employees are aligned with the purpose of achieving the goal (Barnard and Thompson 2003). The efforts of the employees are also directed in a particular direction. Though the immediate goals might vary from one person to the other, however, the ultimate goals remain the same. The common moral purpose is the achievement of the goal by the employees, thus it has been rightly stated by the author. Moreover, the success of an organization depends largely on the formation of the work groups and aligning them for the achievement of the common goal (Denhardt and Catlaw 2014). An organization becomes a successful one when all the members are able to communicate with each other clearly, along with the willingness to cooperate and work together. Moreover, aligning together in order to achieve the common purpose is also a key element for a business organization to be a successful one. The elements of successful organization thus become communication, willingness to serve and achieve the goals, along with a common purpose. The common purpose varies from one organization to the other. However, the other elements remain the same. Thus, it might be concluded that it has been rightly mentioned by the author that work organizations are a common moral purpose, and is justified. 2.Decision making is an essential process in any organization. Appropriate decision making needs to be done such that the growth of the business organization is inevitable (Denhardt and Catlaw 2014). However, there are certain obstacles that hinder the process of best decision making. The process of decision making could face obstacle by inefficient division of work. The task division process is an essential one in order to achieve the goals in the stipulated time (Scott 2015). However, inefficient task division, or burdening one employee with a lot of work might hinder the decision making process. The authority hierarchy needs to be maintained properly. The process of decision making is mainly done by the authorities figure. Hence, lack of maintenance of authority hierarchy might lead to lack of efficient and best decision making (Shafritz et al. 2015). Moreover, formal rules and regulations need to be maintained by the organization. Thus, efficient decision making process is depend ent on the above mentioned factors. These are some of the essential factors that restrict the process of best decision making, in rational bureaucratic organizations. Some of the organizations face more decision making difficulties than the other rational bureaucratic organizations. This is due to the fact that the organizations facing more difficulties tend to maintain inefficient authority hierarchy (Shafritz et al. 2015). Moreover, the rules and regulations laid by the management are also not followed strictly. Hence, they face increased levels of difficulty in the process of decision making (Denhardt and Catlaw 2014). Thus, although rational bureaucratic organizations are supposed to take the best decisions, yet there are certain factors that hinder the process of best decision making. Mitigation of these factors would ensure best decision making. Once the decision making process is fulfilled successfully, the organization progress is inevitable. References Barnard, C.I. and Thompson, K., 2003.Organization and management: Selected papers(Vol. 7). Psychology Press. Denhardt, R.B. and Catlaw, T.J., 2014.Theories of public organization. Cengage learning. Scott, W.G., 2015. Chester I. Barnard and the Guardians of the Managerial State: The Moral Obligations of the Elite.Classics of Organization Theory, p.9 Shafritz, J.M., Ott, J.S. and Jang, Y.S., 2015.Classics of organization theory. Cengage Learning.

Thursday, December 5, 2019

Social Media Analytics in Business

Question: Discuss about theSocial Media Analytics in Business. Answer: Introduction Traditionally, banking sector has been a customer-focused industry. The banks strive to establish relationship with the customers to identify their needs and gain trust. However, with times, the need and the relationship of the customers with the banks have changed. The young generation has become more demanding in terms of service and with the onset of digital; their perspective towards the banking or service sector has changed. In the present times, the customers demands have heightened and want prompt response from the companies and want that all their problems and issues should be resolved instantly (Hai-Jew, 2016). In consideration to these changes in the consumer behavior, many financial organizations have initiated to establish their presence on social media. Social media platforms such as Facebook and Twitter have become a part of daily life of the customers; therefore, banks should also focus on engaging customers on different social media channels (Sponder, 2011). The banks are only capable of competing with their competitors and engage with the customers by integrating social media analytics in their operations. Social media offers an opportunity to enhance the consumer engagement with the banking sector. DBS bank has been a pioneer in the adoption of social media analytics in the Asian banking industry. It has several wide range applications and can be used by banks to gain customer insight. Clearly, social media analytics is essential is essential tool in the present business world (SAS Institute, 2011). In this regard, in this report, the growing importance of the social media for business organizations has been discussed. In the report, the case of digitalization of DBS bank has been discussed and recommendations are made so that DBS remains at lead the digital innovation in banking industry. Importance of Social Media in Banking Industry Social media is dramatically changing the consumer behavior and the banking industry. Today, most of the banks have established their presence on the social networking sites. It includes leading bans such as Citigroup, HSBC and NatWest. These banks engage with the customer through Twitter, Google+, LinkedIn and Facebook and posts, attractive content and videos to engage the customers. However, posting updates on these social media websites is not as essential as interacting with the follower, listening to their feedback and distilling meaning out of it (Ganis Kohirkar, 2015). In the previous times, the banks focused on the push strategy to connect with the customers which includes strong advertising methods such as face-to-face interactions, e-mail marketing, advertising and point of sale methods. However, in the recent years, the banking organizations are focused on building two-way mode of communication to engage with the customers to enhance customer trust and loyalty towards the organization. The customer engagement is the process of business communication between a consumer and the organization through different correspondence channels (Finger Dutta, 2014). This form of communication requires a reaction, interaction and a thorough consumer experience. The consumer engagement can be realized at both online and offline platforms. However, in order to create consumer engagement the companies need to identify the consumer need, desire and sentiments. The consumer behavior on social media can give the banking companies can have deep insight related to sentiments and the needs of the consumer (Fu, 2014). Banks can use the information in the social media to identify the impact of the response of one consumer over the purchase behavior of other people, measure the impact of the social media marketing and increase the decision-based marketing. The banks can use the text analysis and sentiment analysis methods to develop insight into the consumer behavior which was previously unknown to them. Meanwhile, the banks should also focus on ensuring that the traditional business intelligence systems are integrated with the social media analytics to increase the robustness of the analytic system. The traditional business analytics system used in banks include dashboards, advanced visualization and direct consumer interaction. When the social media analytics is integrated in analytics strategy, the companies can transform the customer relationship management system. The information from the social media analytics can be used to enhance the insight regarding customers such as their sentiments and wish which leads to informed decision-making for the customers (Ribarsky, Wang and Dou, 2014). The banks can use the gained insight to create pricing models for loans and other financial services provided by banks. The combination of social media analytics in the traditional analytical system will can be used to determine the competitiveness of the prices determined by the organization. Several banks are monitoring the customer conversation on the social media websites and using their recommendations and services to improve the customer services. The social media itself can be used to enhance the customer service as the customer can use their Twitter accounts to retrieve their account information and check their bank balance (Bekmamedova and Shanks, 2014). The social media channels were primarily use for establishing e-reputation and enhancing the brand reputation of the company. However, clearly, social media has more potential in predicting the consumer behavior and the social trends. The banking companies can also use the social media by identifying the fraudulent activities and the possible loan defaulters by their behavior in the social media. The government organizations can also use social media analytics to control money laundering and curb black money. It not only increases the customer satisfaction but also leads to acquisition of new customers (Feige, 2013). Background of the Company and Current Strategy of DBS Bank DBS bank was founded in 1968 in Singapore and presently, has become the largest bank by assets in Southeast Asia. It has established a strong presence in China, Southeast Asia and Asia and its profits are also growing phenomenally. The bank is well-recognized in the international scenario, and received numerous accolades such as Safest bank in Asia and the Best Bank in Asia Pacific competing with the industry leaders such as UBS, Citigroup and Credit Suisse (DBS, 2017). However, previously, its physical presence was much smaller than its counterparts in the Asian countries. In its expansion phase, it tried to achieve the position of largest bank in Asia. The management recognized the high potential of Asian economy and its growing middle-class. It tried to penetrate the Asian market by following acquisition and merger as the expansion strategy. Nonetheless, when a large number of acquisition and mergers failed for the company, DBS recognized that it has to adopt a different strategy to access the Asian market. It also observed the growing trend of mobile banking in the younger Asian generation. In this essence, DBS bank implemented several methods such as building technology platforms, designing consumer experience and implementing mobile banking and e-payment system. Social media was also use to connect with the affluent customers and creating awareness regarding the flexible interest rates offered by the company. Social media can also be used to understand the local culture of a place and implementing successful regional marketing initiatives. The substantial investment in the technological infrastructure has resulted in positive outcomes for the bank. The alignment of the business activities with the IT has made the organization competitive in the digital medium. Nonetheless, there is still a large scope for the organization to make use of technology to increase their productivity. DBS is in early phase of adoption of the social media analytics as it has ado pted social media to predict the consumer behavior (Bloomberg, 2016). Benefits for the Adoption of Social Media in Banks The banks can gain numerous benefits and minimize several risks from adopting social media strategy. With the social media, the banks can create an improved CRM platform for the customers. The banking organizations can learn about the anniversaries, birthdays and other important dates of the customers and use them to offer customized products and services to the customers. The banks can also use the social media to connect the information across the enterprise and analyze their financial strength. The companies can use this information to suggest accurate financial products like mortgage and wealth management. Social media can also be used to communicate with the customers and educating them, regarding new policies and the operational changes (Russell, 2012). It is an interactive method of creating awareness regarding new product launches and examining the consumer reaction. The social media users can raise concern and questions regarding the services. In the social media platforms, the consumers post, like or comment on updates which provide the companies with the general idea regarding the features well-accepted by the customers. The social media can also be used by the business organizations to expand their customer base and penetrate the existing market. The banks can penetrate the geographical locations where they have no physical existence. The company can also adapt their services according to the majority of customers. For instance, it can provide no-frills account opening services to price-sensitive customers. The social media channels also contain information regarding the competitors products which can be used by the companies to examine the needs and the requirements of the customers. The social media analytics can also be used by the company to identify how they can convert the enthusiasts and fans into the advocates of their products. With the implementation of the right social media strategy, the companies can enhance the customer satisfaction by being more prompt to address the customer issues and needs (Potential, 2015). Proposed Strategy for DBS Bank DBS can use social media analytics to create brand awareness and attracting new customers in the geographical locations where it has limited physical presence. In order to increase the customer base and enhance the customer loyalty, the business organizations should personalize their experience with the banks rather than treating them as consumer segments. Traditionally, the banks rely on relationship managers to create personalization element in the banking process. However, the banks cannot follow a single strategy to connect with the customers of all segments. Therefore, to bring some relevance to the bank relationship, consumer segments were formed. The traditional model adopted by the banks was passive in nature. In this approach, the various phases in marketing were realization of need, reaching out to customers and proposing a product. The companies adopt the strategies to optimize the expected returns and reduce the risk. According to the IT Portfolio theory, social media ana lytics comes under the transactional costs which have high returns and low investments. It includes the cost of participating in the market; however, with proper research the risk associated with social media analytics can be reduced (Aaker, 2009). DBS can use predictive analysis theory for the identification of needs and best suite alternative products. At present, the banking organizations require a strategy to create a subset of products towards which the customers will be attracted and personalize it to suit the taste of the individual customers. The predictive analysis can be used to create an algorithm that can determine the products and the services that a customer will seek. Due to the increased competitiveness, the banks can use the active approach to track events in the life of customers, identify the customer needs, create product and propose the product to the customers. The Life events play a critical role in the determination of the financial products. For example, a bank can introduce a new baby saving scheme if the customer registers the addition of a new family member (Chorianopoulos, 2016). The information regarding the life events of a person can be collected through Facebook and Twitter as maximum people use these social media platforms to share the significant aspects of their life. The external events can also be determined by examining the web browsing patterns or the enquiries on social networking sites. The amount of information obtained by the social media websites can be used by the companies to understand the consumer intent and engage them with the organizations products and services. After the identification of the customer needs, a bank can publish auto deals on the social media platforms that a consumer uses. Banks can also suggest adapting the product or adding add-ons according to the consumer interest. In order to increase the sales, the companies can launch time-based coupons or rewards for the customers. The personalization of the product offering includes the personalization of products, personalization of prices and personalization of communication. In the price personalization, the banks should focus on pricing the products attractively so that the customers are com pelled towards the product. The communication message of the advertisement should also be designed in such a manner so that the customers connect with the message rather than sounding intruding or interfering (Corporation Essvale, 2011). Conclusion It can be concluded that the advent of internet and social media has changed the business scenario and consumer behavior. DBS bank founded in Singapore in 1968 is one of the leading banks and recipient of various awards. In order to tap the increased potential of the growing Asian economies understanding the consumer behavior in different nationalities, it can adopt social media analytic. Nowadays, social media has become a part of the daily lives of the customers. Therefore, it can be used to examine their perception, needs and requirements of the consumers. The social media can also be used to increase the customer base and enhance the brand awareness. In this essence, DBS can use predictive analysis to increase their knowledge of the consumers and use it to increase the customer base. It includes examination of various events in the life of the customers and use it to offer the products that best suit their needs and desire. Most of the people use Facebook and Twitter to share the important news of their lives; therefore, they are ideal social media channels to implement the predictive analysis method. References Aaker, D.A. (2009). Brand Portfolio Strategy: Creating Relevance, Differentiation, Energy, Leverage, and Clarity. Simon and Schuster. Bekmamedova, N. and Shanks, G. (2014). Social media analytics and business value: A theoretical framework and case study. In System Sciences (HICSS), 2014 47th Hawaii International Conference on (pp. 3728-3737). IEEE. Bloomberg, J. (2016). How DBS Bank Became The Best Digital Bank In The World By Becoming Invisible. Forbes. [Online.] Available at: https://www.forbes.com/sites/jasonbloomberg/2016/12/23/how-dbs-bank-became-the-best-digital-bank-in-the-world-by-becoming-invisible/#195e809ee161 [Accessed on: 4 February 2017]. Chorianopoulos, A. (2016). Effective CRM Using Predictive Analytics. John Wiley Sons. Corporation Essvale. (2011). Business Knowledge for IT in Global Retail Banking: The Complete Handbook for IT Professionals. Essvale Corporation Limited. DBS. (2017). About Us. [Online.] Available at: https://www.dbs.com/about-us/default.page [Accessed on: 4 February 2017]. Feige, T. (2013). Social Media Marketing-Analysis of Online presence of Slovak banks. Journal of Systems Integration, 4(3), p.20. Finger, L., Dutta, S. (2014). Ask, Measure, Learn: Using Social Media Analytics to Understand and Influence Customer Behavior. "O'Reilly Media, Inc.". Fu, Y. (2014). Human-Centered Social Media Analytics. Springer Science Business Media. Ganis, M., Kohirkar, A. (2015). Social Media Analytics: Techniques and Insights for Extracting Business Value Out of Social Media. IBM Press. Hai-Jew, S. (2016). Social Media Data Extraction and Content Analysis. IGI Global. Potential. (2015). 7 Reasons Why Businesses Should Adopt a Social Media Strategy. [Online.] Available at: https://www.potential.com/articles/7-reasons-why-businesses-should-adopt-a-social-media-strategy/ [Accessed on: 4 February 2017]. Ribarsky, W., Wang, D.X. and Dou, W. (2014). Social media analytics for competitive advantage. Computers Graphics, 38, pp.328-331. Russell, J. (2012). The friendly financiers: How banks are embracing social media. The Next Web. [Online.] Available at: https://thenextweb.com/socialmedia/2012/03/29/how-banks-are-embracing-social-media/ [Accessed on: 4 February 2017]. SAS Institute. (2011). The transformation of the banking industry: a brave new world. SAS Institute. Sponder, M. (2011). Social Media Analytics: Effective Tools for Building, Interpreting, and Using Metrics. McGraw Hill Professional.